“Photo: Squishy biology - Juneau Empire” plus 3 more |
- Photo: Squishy biology - Juneau Empire
- Biotech, nanotech and synthetic biology roles in future food supply ... - PhysOrg
- International research prize awarded to UCD grad student - Woodland Daily Democrat
- Cultural history colours thought about bioethics, evolution - Science Centric
Photo: Squishy biology - Juneau Empire Posted: 22 Feb 2010 07:09 AM PST Message from fivefilters.org: If you can, please donate to the full-text RSS service so we can continue developing it. Five Filters featured article: Chilcot Inquiry. Available tools: PDF Newspaper, Full Text RSS, Term Extraction. |
Biotech, nanotech and synthetic biology roles in future food supply ... - PhysOrg Posted: 22 Feb 2010 06:19 AM PST Message from fivefilters.org: If you can, please donate to the full-text RSS service so we can continue developing it. Hill and Larry Branen, a University of Idaho food scientist, organized a symposium during the American Association for the Advancement of Science annual meeting Sunday to explore ways biotechnology could provide healthy and plentiful animal-based foods to meet future demands. Synthetic biology, nanotechnology, genetic engineering and other applications of biotechnology - and the public's role in determining their acceptable uses -- were all addressed by panelists during the session. The goal for the session, which was part of the nation's largest and most prestigious general science meeting held annually, was to encourage a dialogue among scientists and the public, said Hill, a Moscow-based molecular physiologist who studies muscle growth in cattle. "There will be a significant challenge for agriculture and the science that will be required to provide a healthy, nutritious and adequate food supply in coming decades for a rapidly growing population," Hill said. A key question, he said, is whether the Earth can continue to provide enough food without technological support. The history of civilization and agriculture during the last 10,000 years suggests otherwise. "Unaided food production is an unattainable ideal - current society is irrevocably grounded in the technological interventions underpinning the agricultural revolution that now strives to feed the world," Hill said. Branen serves as the university's Coeur d'Alene-based associate vice president for northern Idaho. He also remains active as a researcher working with nanotechnology in a variety of ways, including uses as biological sensors to detect disease or spoilage. Nanoparticles may be used to target certain genes and thus play a role in genetic engineering of food animals. Branen said, "There's also no question that nanomaterials may help increase the shelf stability of food products and assure their safety." Other panelists include University of Missouri Prof. Kevin Wells who believes genetically modified animals will have a future place on humanity's tables, just as genetically modified plants do now. Panelist Hongda Chen serves as the U.S. Department of Agriculture's national program leader for bioprocessing engineering and nanotechnology. He will explore how scientific methods like nanotechnology may be applied to help meet the world's growing demand for safe and healthy food. Synthetic biology, the use of novel methods to create genes or chromosomes, will be explored by panelist Michele Garfinkel, a policy analyst for the J. Craig Venter Institute, which pioneered the sequencing of the human genome. The public's acceptance or rejection of new technologies that could determine future food supplies will be the domain of Susanna Priest, a professor at the University of Nevada Las Vegas. A communications researcher, she has argued that public debate is essential to public attitudes toward such technologies. For Idaho's Branen, the panel provides an opportunity to advance that public discussion. "I think that's essential," he said. "We've seen lots of technologies where we didn't get adoption because we didn't get consumer acceptance and understanding. Irradiation of food has been possible for over 50 years but we still haven't gotten to general use because there is still a fear and lack of understanding of it." Branen added, "To me everything we're doing today requires an extensive discussion and an interdisciplinary approach. We can't just focus on the technology but must look at the social and political aspects of the technology as well." Five Filters featured article: Chilcot Inquiry. Available tools: PDF Newspaper, Full Text RSS, Term Extraction. |
International research prize awarded to UCD grad student - Woodland Daily Democrat Posted: 22 Feb 2010 07:45 AM PST Message from fivefilters.org: If you can, please donate to the full-text RSS service so we can continue developing it. Evolutionary ecologist Anurag Agrawal, who received his doctorate in population biology at UC Davis in 1999 under major professor Richard "Rick" Karban, is the winner of the sixth David Starr Jordan Prize for his innovative research involving plant-animal interactions. The international award, given approximately every three years, comes with a $20,000 prize and a commemorative medal. Agrawal, an associate professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, also serves as the associate director for the Cornell Center for a Sustainable Future and director of the Cornell Chemical Ecology Group. The coveted award, sponsored by Cornell, Indiana University and Stanford University, memorializes Jordan (1851-1931), a leading American biologist who was educated at Cornell, taught zoology at Indiana; and served as president of both Indiana and Stanford universities. The prize singles out a young scientist, age 40 or under, who is making novel innovative contributions in one of Jordan's fields of interest: Evolution, ecology, population and organismal biology. The awards committee, comprised of Cornell, Indiana and Stanford scientists, described Agrawal as "one of the foremost authorities on the community and evolutionary ecology of species interactions." "Dr. Agrawal has made highly influential contributions, including empirical and conceptual advances in our understanding of plant defense against herbivory, impacts of genetic diversity on community processes, co evolutionary interactions between monarch butterflies and milkweeds and deciphering the success of invasive plants," the committee announced.Agrawal's work has been published in more than 100 papers, been cited 3000 times and been presented at 75 invited lectures. He has served as an associate editor for several major journals, including Ecology, Ecology Letters, PLoS Biology and Quarterly Review of Biology. As the recipient of the David Starr Jordan Prize, he will lecture at the sponsoring institutions, beginning Feb. 18 at Cornell. The three universities established the joint endowment in 1986 and have awarded the prize since 1987. "The intent of the David Starr Jordan Prize is to recognize scientists who are making research contributions likely to redirect the principal foci of their fields," the awards committee said. Born in 1972 in Allentown, Penn., Agrawal completed his undergraduate work in biology and his master's degree in conservation biology at the University of Pennsylvania, where he became intrigued with plant-animal interactions. He then headed out to California in 1994 to study with Karban, a noted expert on plant-animal interactions. Karban, now a newly elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, teaches field ecology and community ecology. "It was an amazing time being a graduate student at UC Davis and working with Rick Karban a great foundation and nothing but great memories!" Agrawal said. While at UC Davis, Agrawal won the 1999 Young Investigator Award, sponsored by the American Society of Naturalists. He went on to win the National Science Foundation's 2004 Early Career Award and the Ecological Society of America's 2006 George Mercer Award. After receiving his doctorate from UC Davis, Agrawal accepted a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of Amsterdam before becoming an assistant professor of botany at the University of Toronto. He joined the Cornell faculty in 2004. Five Filters featured article: Chilcot Inquiry. Available tools: PDF Newspaper, Full Text RSS, Term Extraction. |
Cultural history colours thought about bioethics, evolution - Science Centric Posted: 22 Feb 2010 07:52 AM PST Message from fivefilters.org: If you can, please donate to the full-text RSS service so we can continue developing it. Cultural views of evolution can have important ethical implications, says a Duke University expert on theological and biomedical ethics. Because the popular imagination filters science through cultural assumptions about race, cultural history should be an essential part of biomedical conversations. Amy Laura Hall, associate professor of Christian ethics at Duke University, argues that many popularised ideas about evolution assume that some human groups are more evolved than other human groups. 'I believe that evolutionary biology, as depicted in the popular press, too often uncritically reinforces ideas about race that privilege white, Western bodies and cultures. I see this at work today in new arguments for paternalism in Haiti, for example' says Hall, who appears on a Sunday morning panel at the AAAS annual meeting called 'Genetics and Ethics: Different Views on the Human Condition.' The panel of scholars from the fields of genetics and theology will focus on how genetics and its medical applications are communicated to the general public. Hall's current research looks at ways evolutionary biology is conveyed in the popular media. She cites examples of television documentaries about evolution that portray human evolution commencing in Africa, using images of dark-skinned people 'almost as living icons' to represent humanity at our genesis. 'When evolution is depicted as an upward slope, those representing the origin are also often perceived as the nadir,' she says. Hall is looking at how these popular portrayals are reinforced in recent media coverage of the earthquake disaster in Haiti, coverage that she says depicts Haitians as more primal and less developed, and how this may influence relief efforts that are more paternalistic in nature. 'In order to seek more collaborative, less hierarchical models of international engagement or relief work, we need to discuss head-on the racist ways evolutionary biology has become dispersed,' she says. 'In order to collaborate, you have to consider your potential collaborators as adults, rather than as people further down a slope of human development, thus assuming a kind of tacit paternalism,' says Hall, whose training is as a moral theologian. Hall's research in this area will be part of her forthcoming book on 'muscular Christianity,' a movement that crystallised during the Victorian era to reinforce virile Christianity and social Darwinism. Hall is also involved in a project on neurobiology, poverty, virtue and vice with a group of researchers from Vanderbilt and Marquette Universities. Her most recent book is 'Conceiving Parenthood: American Protestantism and the Spirit of Reproduction' (Eerdmans, 2008). Source: Duke UniversityFive Filters featured article: Chilcot Inquiry. Available tools: PDF Newspaper, Full Text RSS, Term Extraction. |
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